Article by Marie-Jeanne Reid
Have you ever heard of a grebe?
You might have seen one without realizing what it was. Grebes are typically recognized by their long, slender, swan-like necks and striking red eyes. There are about 22 species of grebes, with around five species commonly spotted in and around Invermere. They are famous for their intricate breeding dances, known as “rushing” ceremonies, which are among the most elaborate displays in water bird species. During these ceremonies, a pair or two competing males run across the water in perfect synchronization. Other phases of their dance include the “weed” ceremony and the “greeting” ceremony.
Among the 17 at-risk bird species residing at Lake Windermere, three are grebes: the horned grebe, the eared grebe, and the western grebe. These species are classified as at-risk, which means they are extirpated, endangered, threatened, or of special concern. This designation aims to prevent wildlife species from becoming extirpated or extinct and to implement effective management and recovery practices.
In a 2018 study on the waterbirds of Lake Windermere, researchers observed that western grebes showed a higher concentration in larger bodies of water, such as Lake Windermere. The lake serves as a crucial staging area within the Columbia Wetlands for these three at-risk grebe species, as well as for various other birds.
Historically, in the 1800s, western and horned grebe were hunted for their plumage, which was used in hat-making and clothing. While they are no longer targets of hunting, grebes remain vulnerable to environmental changes and disturbances. Grebes are carnivores, at the top of the food chain. They have been observed consuming invasive fish species such as the pumpkinseed fish and perch, potentially helping to control their population in Lake Windermere. In some parts of the world grebes are even observed as an indicator of wetland health and quality. Due to being at the top of the food chain, grebes are highly susceptible to pesticides, environmental contaminants, heavy metals, and habitat disruptions. A study conducted in the 1970s noted that red-necked grebes were using the north end of Lake Windermere much more when compared to recent times. Normally, they utilize the entire lake during migration and breed in the south end. However, their reduced presence in the north suggests the heightened levels of disturbances have shifted their distribution.
So, what can you do to help protect the beloved grebe? During breeding season, exercise awareness and caution, as they are particularly sensitive to disruptions while nesting. Recreational activities and approaching boats can diminish breeding success by creating wakes that disturb their floating nests, potentially separating chicks from their parents and exposing eggs to predators and the elements. Mama and papa grebes will thank you for maintaining distance and reducing speed!
